![]() A dominant wolf may "ride up" on a subordinate wolf by placing its head or forelegs across that animal's shoulders. They may also growl, show bared teeth, a wrinkled forehead, and their ears may stand erect and pointed forward. Dominant wolves may show raised hackles, and may also side-swipe or slam into the subordinate members of the pack. ![]() Just as human postures and gestures express our intentions and feelings, the wolf also uses body language to communicate.ĭominant postures may include a partly erect tail, walking with the head held high and eyes directed straight towards other wolves. Scent marking via scratching, defecation and urination are all means of maintaining pack territories.īody language is a tool of communication for the wolf. Howling increases during breeding season (January through April). If answered, the wolf switches to deep, even howls to inform the pack of its location and help it to be found. ![]() Howling can also return a lost wolf to its pack.Ī "lonesome howl" is a shortened call that rises in pitch used by a wolf that is separated from its pack. Howling functions as a way to keep the pack back together, stimulate a hunt and as a long-distance form of territorial expression. Different individuals have different howls that can be heard by other wolves at distances of 6 to 7 miles (10 to 11 kilometers). Vocalizations include growls, barks and howls. Gray wolves have a variety of visual, olfactory and auditory means of communicating.
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